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Immunosuppression by hyperbaric oxygen

J F Hansbrough, J G Piacentine, B Eiseman

    Surgery
    |June 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) significantly suppressed cell-mediated immunity in mice. This immunosuppression, observed in a contact sensitivity model, was reversed by specific cell transfers.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Hyperbaric Medicine
    • Cell-Mediated Immunity

    Background:

    • Previous research suggests hyperbaric oxygen may have immunosuppressive effects in animal models.
    • Cell-mediated immunity is crucial for immune responses and is often studied using contact sensitivity models.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of hyperbaric oxygen exposure on cell-mediated immunity using the dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) contact sensitivity model in mice.
    • To determine if immunosuppression induced by hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOX) could be reversed by cell transplantation.

    Main Methods:

    • Mice were exposed to 2.5 ATA hyperbaric oxygen for 5 hours daily, either before or after sensitization with DNFB.
    • The immunosuppressive effects were assessed by observing contact sensitivity responses.

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  • Cellular therapies involving peritoneal exudate cells and lymph node cells were used to test for reversal of immunosuppression.

    • Main Results:

    • Daily hyperbaric oxygen exposure markedly suppressed contact sensitivity in mice.
    • Immunosuppression was observed regardless of whether HBOX exposure preceded or followed DNFB sensitization.
    • HBOX treatment led to decreased circulating leukocytes, reduced spleen weight, and diminished DNA synthesis in lymph nodes.

    Conclusions:

    • Hyperbaric oxygen therapy exerts a significant immunosuppressive effect on cell-mediated immunity in mice.
    • The observed immunosuppression was partially reversed by the intravenous administration of syngeneic peritoneal exudate cells.
    • HBOX-induced immunosuppression is associated with reduced lymphocyte counts and impaired immune cell proliferation.