Subungual exostosis

Area of Science:

• Orthopedics
• Dermatology
• Podiatry

Background:

• Subungual exostosis is a benign bony overgrowth that occurs under the fingernail or toenail.
• It is commonly associated with trauma, although the exact etiology is not fully understood.
• This condition can present diagnostic challenges due to its varied appearance.

Observation:

• The review includes a comprehensive literature analysis and two illustrative case reports.
• Clinical presentation often involves a painful, firm mass beneath the nail plate.
• Radiographic imaging can aid in diagnosis, but biopsy may be necessary for definitive confirmation.

Findings:

• Subungual exostosis is frequently misdiagnosed, with a significant rate of confusion with malignant tumors.
• Prompt identification is crucial to avoid unnecessary aggressive treatments or delayed management.
• The benign nature of subungual exostosis contrasts with its potential to mimic more serious conditions.

Implications:

• Increased awareness among clinicians can improve diagnostic accuracy for subungual exostosis.
• Including this entity in the differential diagnosis of digital lesions is essential.
• Timely and accurate diagnosis prevents mismanagement and ensures appropriate patient care.