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Locoweed embryotoxicity in rats

B K Nelson, L F James, R P Sharma

    Clinical Toxicology
    |April 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Locoweed (Astragalus spp.) exposure during gestation in rats caused dose-dependent embryotoxic effects, including reduced birth weight and survival, but no gross malformations. Behavioral changes were observed in offspring, though not persistent.

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    Area of Science:

    • Toxicology
    • Teratology
    • Animal Science

    Background:

    • Locoweed (Astragalus spp.) is a toxic plant known to cause adverse effects in livestock.
    • Developing a reliable laboratory animal assay for locoweed teratogenicity is crucial for understanding its risks.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To establish a laboratory animal assay for assessing the teratogenic potential of locoweed (Astragalus lentiginosus and Astragalus wootoni).
    • To evaluate the dose-dependent and species-dependent embryotoxic effects of locoweed in rats.

    Main Methods:

    • Rats were administered varying amounts of Astragalus lentiginosus or Astragalus wootoni via feed pellets or gavage during gestation.
    • Offspring were assessed for birth weight, survival rates, gross malformations, and behavioral patterns at different ages.

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  • Microscopic examination of tissues from offspring was conducted.

    • Main Results:

    • Locoweed administration resulted in dose-dependent reductions in live births and birth weights, with effects persisting for at least 4 weeks.
    • Astragalus lentiginosus significantly decreased offspring survival to weaning (86.4% fewer than controls).
    • No gross malformations were observed, but behavioral differences in activity patterns were noted in 30-day-old offspring; microscopic lesions were found only in newborn pups.

    Conclusions:

    • Locoweed exhibits dose-dependent and species-dependent embryotoxic effects in rats, impacting birth weight, survival, and behavior.
    • The study successfully developed a laboratory assay for locoweed teratogenicity, highlighting the need for further investigation into subtle neurotoxic effects.