Identification of contact sensitizers by animal assay

Guinea pig testing constitutes the first step in evaluating the allergenicity of new chemicals and products. Some of the most commonly used animal predictive tests are reviewed. The guinea pig maximization test, which is the recommended test method in Sweden, is described in detail and the interpretation of results obtained with this test is discussed. In the guinea pig maximization test the sensitization capacity of a substance is examined by the use of maximized conditions for the exposure, i.e. the potential ability of the material to induce a contact allergy is determined. The extent to which an allergen causes contact dermatitis in exposed persons depends on the mode of use and various environmental factors.