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Related Experiment Videos

Immunological specificity and memory in a scleractinian coral

W H Hildemann, R L Raison, G Cheung

    Nature
    |November 17, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary

    Coral immune systems exhibit memory, rejecting foreign tissues through specific recognition of histocompatibility (H) markers. This suggests complex immune recognition evolved early in invertebrate life, possibly starting with corals.

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    Area of Science:

    • Marine biology
    • Immunology
    • Evolutionary biology

    Background:

    • Coral immune systems are crucial for survival and tissue recognition.
    • Understanding invertebrate immunity provides insights into the evolution of complex biological systems.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the presence of specific memory in coral immune responses to tissue transplantation.
    • To explore the role of histocompatibility (H) markers in coral immunorecognition.
    • To postulate the evolutionary origins of immune recognition systems in invertebrates.

    Main Methods:

    • Experimental tissue transplantation in Montipora coral populations.
    • Observation and analysis of immune responses and tissue rejection.
    • Genetic analysis of histocompatibility (H) markers.

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    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated specific memory component in tissue transplantation immunity in Montipora.
    • Identified extensive allogeneic polymorphism of histocompatibility (H) markers as the basis for discrimination.
    • Documented highly discriminating immunoreactivity in coral populations.

    Conclusions:

    • Coral immune systems possess specific memory, enabling rejection of foreign tissues.
    • Histocompatibility (H) markers play a critical role in coral immune recognition.
    • An H system of immunorecognition likely originated in early multicellular invertebrates, potentially starting with coelenterates.