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Intra-uterine growth in infants of diabetic mothers

D L Woods, A F Malan, E J Coetzee

    South African Medical Journal = Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif Vir Geneeskunde
    |September 13, 1980
    PubMed

    Insights

    Infants of poorly controlled diabetic mothers had higher birth weights and different body proportions compared to well-controlled cases. Ear hairiness may indicate maternal diabetes in newborns.

    Area of Science:

    • Neonatal studies
    • Maternal-fetal medicine
    • Endocrinology

    Background:

    • Maternal diabetes can impact fetal growth and development.
    • Understanding these effects is crucial for neonatal care and outcomes.
    • Poor glycemic control in diabetic pregnancies poses risks.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare anthropometric measurements and body proportions of infants born to mothers with well-controlled versus poorly controlled diabetes.
    • To identify potential clinical signs indicative of a diabetic mother.

    Main Methods:

    • Comparison of birth weight, length, and head circumference between two groups of infants.
    • Analysis of weight/length and head circumference/weight ratios.
    • Observation for specific physical characteristics like ear hairiness.

    Main Results:

    • Infants of poorly controlled diabetic mothers were significantly heavier with altered weight/length and head circumference/weight ratios.
    • Infant length and head circumference/length ratios were appropriate for age in the poorly controlled group.
    • Normal size and proportions were observed in infants of well-controlled diabetic mothers.
    • Hairiness of the ear (pinna) was present in infants from both groups.

    Conclusions:

    • Poorly controlled maternal diabetes leads to distinct patterns in infant size and body proportions.
    • Ear hairiness in newborns may serve as a useful clinical indicator for identifying infants of diabetic mothers.
    • Optimizing glycemic control during pregnancy is essential for normal fetal development.

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