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Altered objective audiometry in aminoglycosides-treated human neonates

P A Bernard, J C Péchère, R Hébert

    Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology
    |January 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary

    Aminoglycoside treatments like Gentamicin and Tobramycin may cause ototoxicity in neonates. Brain stem response audiometry showed significantly prolonged wave V latencies after 5 and 10 days of treatment.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neonatal Medicine
    • Ototoxicology
    • Auditory Neuroscience

    Background:

    • Aminoglycoside antibiotics are crucial for treating neonatal infections.
    • Potential ototoxicity is a significant concern with aminoglycoside use in vulnerable neonates.
    • Early detection of hearing impairment is vital for developmental outcomes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the ototoxic effects of conventional aminoglycoside treatments (Gentamicin, Tobramycin) in neonates.
    • To compare auditory brain stem response audiometry (BSRA) findings in treated neonates versus a control group.
    • To assess changes in auditory pathway function over time during aminoglycoside therapy.

    Main Methods:

    • A comparative study involving 15 neonates treated with Gentamicin or Tobramycin and 14 control neonates.
    • All neonates were comparable in gestational age and housed in incubators.
    • Brain stem response audiometry (BSRA) was performed at baseline (day 0), day 5, and day 10.

    Main Results:

    • No significant difference in wave V latencies was observed between groups at baseline (day 0).
    • After 5 days, treated neonates showed significantly prolonged wave V latencies (9.13 ms) compared to controls (7.75 ms, p < 0.01).
    • Prolonged wave V latencies persisted at day 10 in treated neonates (8.73 ms) versus controls (7.31 ms, p < 0.01).

    Conclusions:

    • Conventional doses of Gentamicin and Tobramycin may induce ototoxicity in neonates.
    • BSRA is a sensitive tool for detecting early auditory pathway changes associated with aminoglycoside treatment.
    • Monitoring auditory function is recommended for neonates receiving aminoglycoside therapy.

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