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Ripper procedure for determining sulfur dioxide in wine: collaborative study

J M Vahl, J E Converse

    Journal - Association of Official Analytical Chemists
    |March 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    The Ripper method for determining sulfur dioxide (SO2) in wine shows poor precision and significant systematic error. This direct iodometric titration is not recommended for wine analysis due to unreliable results.

    Area of Science:

    • Analytical Chemistry
    • Food Science
    • Winemaking

    Background:

    • Accurate quantification of sulfur dioxide (SO2) is crucial for wine preservation and quality control.
    • The Ripper method is a common titration technique for SO2 analysis in various matrices, including wine.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the precision and accuracy of the Ripper direct iodometric titration method for determining free SO2, total SO2, and iodine-reactive substances in wine.
    • To assess the suitability of the Ripper method for adoption by the AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists).

    Main Methods:

    • Twenty-three laboratories participated in a collaborative study.
    • Wine samples were analyzed in replicate using a specified version of the Ripper direct iodometric titration.
    • Analysis included free SO2, total SO2, and iodine-reactive substances other than SO2.

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    Main Results:

    • Error in SO2 determination varied significantly with SO2 level and wine type (red vs. white).
    • Pooled estimates of precision (within-laboratory error) for white wine were 3.3 (free SO2), 10.4 (total SO2), and 1.9 (other substances) mg SO2/L.
    • Pooled estimates of systematic error (between-laboratory) for white wine were 2.7 (free SO2), 16.6 (total SO2), and 2.1 (other substances) mg SO2/L. Similar ranges were observed for red wine.

    Conclusions:

    • The Ripper method, while rapid and convenient, suffers from poor precision and substantial systematic errors.
    • The method's variability with wine type and SO2 concentration limits its reliability.
    • The Ripper method is not recommended for adoption by the AOAC due to its limitations in accuracy and precision for wine analysis.