'Endogenous yolk' as the precursor of a possible fertilization envelope in a crab (Carcinus maenas)

After the egg attachment to a maternal ovigerous seta, the Carcinus maenas embryo is enclosed in a tripartite capsule. The innermost layer (envelope 2) which is also the main part of this capsule, is generally detected after egg-laying and is most probably closely related to the fecondation phenomenon. The precursor material of envelope 2, arising from the egg by a massive and very fast exocytosis process, appears as numerous ring-shaped granules. These granules, originated from numerous cortical vesicles perhaps intercommunicating with each others, are observed early in the ooplasm during oogenesis. These so-called ring-shaped granules seem very identical in form with the disc-shaped granules which are classically described as composing the endogenous or intracysternal yolk of many Decapoda crustacean oocytes. In view of our results the role of these granules, in endogenous yolk formation, is re-examined and discussed.