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Risk factors for toxocaral ocular larva migrans: a case-control study
American Journal of Public Health
|December 1, 1980
Summary
Ocular larva migrans (OLM) is often linked to household dogs, particularly puppies. This study found a significant association between OLM cases and dog ownership, especially young dogs, in the year preceding illness.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Epidemiology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Toxocaral ocular larva migrans (OLM) is a parasitic infection affecting the eye.
- Understanding transmission routes is crucial for prevention and control.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between household animal exposure and toxocaral ocular larva migrans (OLM).
- To identify specific risk factors for OLM in affected children.
Main Methods:
- An epidemiologic study comparing 24 OLM patients with 24 age- and sex-matched controls.
- Data collected via parental interviews regarding household animal exposure and other potential risk factors.
Main Results:
- A 3:1 odds ratio for household dog presence in the year prior to illness onset in OLM cases versus controls.
- A statistically significant association (P < .05) between OLM and the presence of puppies (< 3 months) in households.
- Geophagia was identified as a risk factor in one patient; cat exposure showed no significant difference.
Conclusions:
- Household dogs, especially puppies, are likely sources of toxocaral infection leading to OLM.
- Dog ownership, particularly with young dogs, represents a significant risk factor for developing OLM.