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I.V. lignocaine in reflex and allergic bronchoconstriction
British Journal of Anaesthesia
|September 1, 1980
Summary
Lidocaine infusions effectively blocked reflex bronchoconstriction caused by citric acid aerosols in dogs. However, lidocaine showed limited effectiveness against allergic bronchospasm induced by ascaris antigen.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Respiratory Physiology
- Anesthesiology
Background:
- Bronchospasm is a significant respiratory issue.
- Lidocaine is known for its antiarrhythmic properties.
- Understanding lidocaine's effects on different bronchospasm types is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the protective effects of lidocaine against bronchospasm.
- To differentiate lidocaine's efficacy on reflex versus allergic bronchoconstriction.
Main Methods:
- Anesthetized dogs were challenged with citric acid aerosols (CAA) and ascaris antigen (AAA).
- Pulmonary resistance (RL) was measured before and after challenges.
- Lidocaine infusions were administered, and blood concentrations were monitored.
Main Results:
- Lidocaine significantly attenuated or blocked CAA-induced bronchospasm (RL increase from 0.19 to 0.44 kPa·L−1·s).
- Lidocaine had a lesser effect on AAA-induced bronchospasm (RL increase from 0.34 to 1.85 kPa·L−1·s).
- Blood lidocaine levels ranged from 1.5 to 2.5 μg/mL.
Conclusions:
- Lidocaine effectively reduces reflex bronchoconstriction at therapeutic concentrations.
- Lidocaine has limited efficacy against bronchospasm mediated by allergic responses.
- These findings differentiate lidocaine's role in managing various bronchospastic conditions.