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Reversible hypertension and hypothyroidism

R F Bing, R S Briggs, A C Burden

    Clinical Endocrinology
    |October 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Hypothyroidism can cause hypertension, which often resolves with thyroxine treatment. Low plasma renin activity in these patients suggests sodium retention as a contributing factor.

    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Cardiovascular Medicine

    Background:

    • Hypertension is a common comorbidity in patients with hypothyroidism.
    • The underlying mechanisms linking hypothyroidism and hypertension require further elucidation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effect of thyroxine replacement therapy on blood pressure in hypothyroid patients with hypertension.
    • To explore the role of plasma renin activity in this patient cohort.

    Main Methods:

    • Case series describing six patients with hypothyroidism and hypertension.
    • Blood pressure and plasma renin activity were measured before and after thyroxine treatment.

    Main Results:

    • Thyroxine treatment normalized blood pressure in all six patients (172/112 mmHg to 140/84 mmHg, P < 0.001).

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  • Pre-treatment plasma renin activity was low (1.76 ng A I/ml/h), consistent with sodium retention.

    • Conclusions:

    • Thyroxine replacement therapy is effective in managing hypertension associated with hypothyroidism.
    • Low plasma renin activity in this context suggests a role for sodium retention.
    • Persistent hypertension after adequate thyroxine treatment warrants further investigation.