Cystic adventitial disease of the popliteal artery

Cystic degeneration of the popliteal artery is a rare vascular condition. The authors report on the third case recorded in Canada and provide a follow-up report of the first recorded case published in 1969. Observations made at operation on the anatomical relationship of the cyst give more information on the etiology of this curious entity. The clinical and roentgenologic aspects, the etiologic theories and treatment are briefly reviewed. The authors conclude that there are three principles of treatment applicable to this condition: (a) incision with evacuation of the cyst may be effective, (b) the lesion should be resected if evacuation is unsuccessful and (c) popliteal angioplasty should be avoided.