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Motion and vision. III. Stabilized pattern adaptation

D H Kelly, C A Burbeck

    Journal of the Optical Society of America
    |November 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    The Blakemore-Campbell effect, a visual adaptation phenomenon, persists even when retinal sensitivity variations are controlled. This suggests local retinal sensitivity is not the primary driver of this visual adaptation.

    Area of Science:

    • Visual Neuroscience
    • Perception Science
    • Human Physiology

    Background:

    • Local variations in retinal sensitivity have been proposed to explain elevated thresholds in Blakemore-Campbell pattern adaptation experiments.
    • Subject limitations in uniformly scanning high-contrast gratings previously hindered controlling for this effect.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the role of local retinal sensitivity variations in pattern adaptation.
    • To determine the influence of image velocity and afterimage masking on the Blakemore-Campbell effect.

    Main Methods:

    • Grating adaptation experiments were conducted under stabilized-image conditions with controlled retinal velocities.
    • An afterimage technique was employed to measure the strength of retinal sensitivity masking.
    • Spatial frequency and velocity of adapting stimuli were systematically varied.

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    Main Results:

    • The Blakemore-Campbell effect was observed to persist at high adapting velocities, ruling out local retinal sensitivity variations as the sole cause.
    • Visible afterimages at 0.1 deg/s retinal velocity did not influence pattern adaptation.
    • Sensitivity masking only elevated the adapted threshold at velocities slower than typical eye movements.

    Conclusions:

    • Local retinal sensitivity variations are not the primary factor responsible for the Blakemore-Campbell effect.
    • The visual system's adaptation mechanisms are robust to significant afterimage masking at relevant velocities.
    • Velocity tuning plays a limited role in pattern adaptation, as indicated by minimal shifts in threshold-elevation curves.