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Related Experiment Videos

Traits and metatraits: their reliability, stability, and shared genetic influence

S L Hershberger1, R Plomin, N L Pedersen

  • 1Department of Psychology, Pennsylvania State University, USA.

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
|October 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Metatraits offer a novel perspective on personality by assessing construct relevancy, complementing traditional trait measures of construct extremity. Genetic analysis reveals shared and unique genetic influences, suggesting metatraits provide valuable additional personality insights.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Behavioral Genetics
  • Personality Science

Background:

  • Individual differences in personality are traditionally assessed using traits, which measure construct extremity.
  • Metatraits offer a complementary approach by measuring individual differences in construct relevancy.
  • Understanding the interplay between traits and metatraits is crucial for a comprehensive personality assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the reliability and stability of metatraits compared to traditional traits.
  • To examine the quantitative genetic relationship between traits and metatraits.
  • To determine if metatraits provide unique and valuable information about personality.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Swedish Adoption/Twin Study of Aging, including identical and fraternal twins reared together and apart.

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  • Conducted reliability and stability analyses on both traits and metatraits.
  • Performed quantitative genetic analyses to assess shared and unique genetic variance between traits and metatraits.

    • Main Results:

    • Metatraits demonstrated generally lower reliability and stability over time compared to traits.
    • Quantitative genetic analyses indicated that approximately 69% of a metatrait's genetic variance is shared with its corresponding trait.
    • A significant 31% of a metatrait's genetic variance was found to be unique to the metatrait.

    Conclusions:

    • Metatraits are less reliable and stable than traits but offer a distinct perspective.
    • A substantial portion of the genetic variance underlying metatraits is unique, supporting their value.
    • Metatraits provide a useful additional dimension for understanding individual differences in personality.