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Related Experiment Videos

Subtyping versus subgrouping processes in stereotype representation

K L Maurer1, B Park, M Rothbart

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Colorado 80309-0345, USA.

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
|November 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Organizing information by subtyping, rather than subgrouping, increases perceived group stereotypes and homogeneity. This suggests how people categorize information impacts their social perceptions, even controlling for existing prejudice.

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Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Stereotype Research

Background:

  • Social categorization is fundamental to human cognition.
  • Stereotypes influence how individuals perceive social groups.
  • Understanding categorization strategies is key to understanding stereotype formation and maintenance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how different information organization strategies (subtyping vs. subgrouping) affect social perception.
  • To examine the role of perceived atypicality in shaping group perceptions, independent of general prejudice.

Main Methods:

  • Participants were assigned to either subtyping, subgrouping, or a control condition for organizing information about group members.
  • Study 2 involved participants learning about a gay activist group and assessing perceptions of confirming versus disconfirming members.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Statistical controls were used for prejudice and strength of stereotyping.

    • Main Results:

    • Subtyping instructions led to greater perceived stereotypicality and homogeneity compared to subgrouping.
    • Participants in the subtyping condition perceived a larger difference between stereotype-confirming and stereotype-disconfirming individuals.
    • Perceived atypicality of disconfirming members predicted group perceptions, even when controlling for overall prejudice.

    Conclusions:

    • The strategy used to organize social information significantly influences stereotype perception.
    • Subtyping enhances perceived group stereotypicality and homogeneity.
    • Individual differences in perceiving atypicality play a role in group perception beyond general stereotyping.