Early sonographically guided amniocenteses with filtration technique: follow-up on 249 procedures

Fetal and neonatal outcome is reported for 249 consecutive low-risk pregnancies in which early amniocentesis was carried out with filter technique, at a mean gestational age of 12.5 weeks, to improve the yield in cell cultures. Three pregnancies (1.2%) were terminated because of abnormal test results, four stillbirths (1.6%) occurred between weeks 33 and 38, and five pregnancies were lost spontaneously after sampling, corresponding to 2% of unintended fetal losses before 28 weeks of gestation. Of the live-born infants, 2.9% were delivered prematurely, all between weeks 32 and 37. Malformations and orthopedic postural deformities were not associated with leakage after amniocentesis and were found at expected rates. None of the cases was lost to follow-up. The increase in abortion rate caused by early amniocentesis with filter technique is likely to be within the same range as that seen after routine amniocentesis and transabdominal chorionic villus sampling, although the sample is too small for a proper risk evaluation.