[Application of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to the medico-legal identification]

Medico-legal identification of saliva stains and bloodstains was performed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a horseradish peroxidase conjugate in combination with the use of monoclonal antibodies. Activity of alpha-amylase in the stains was measured for an identification of saliva using an anti-human amylase antibody, and secretory IgA was detected for a species identification using an anti-IgA antibody. ABO and Lewis blood group antigens were detected using anti-A, anti-B, anti-H, anti-Lea and anti-Leb antibodies. After the solubilization of ABH antigens in blood stains with octyl-beta-D-glucose solution, ABO typing has been performed using fully automated system composed of a unit for blood group reaction based on ELISA and a unit for reading of result based on photometric analysis.