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[Infusion of propofol as anesthetic and antiemetic drug]
I Castaño1, M D Cárceles, B Alonso
1Servicio de Anestesiología y Reanimación, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia.
Insights
Propofol significantly reduced postoperative vomiting in children undergoing strabismus surgery. This anesthetic agent offers advantages over traditional methods for managing emesis.
Area of Science:
- Anesthesiology
- Pediatric Surgery
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common complication in pediatric anesthesia.
- Strabismus surgery in children is associated with a high incidence of emesis.
- Current anesthetic techniques have varying efficacy in preventing PONV.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the antiemetic effect of propofol as a sole anesthetic agent in pediatric strabismus surgery.
- To compare propofol's efficacy against other anesthetic regimens for PONV prevention.
- To assess the safety and efficacy of propofol in this specific pediatric surgical population.
Main Methods:
- Prospective study of 80 pediatric patients (3-10 years) undergoing strabismus surgery, categorized as ASA I and II.
- Patients were divided into four groups: Group I (thiopental, N2O), Group II (propofol, N2O), Group III (propofol infusion), and Group IV (propofol infusion).
- Premedication with dehydrobenzylperidol was administered to Groups I, II, and III.
Main Results:
- Group I (thiopental) showed the highest incidence of postoperative vomiting (50%).
- Group II (propofol, N2O) had a 30% incidence of vomiting.
- Groups III and IV (propofol infusion) demonstrated significantly lower vomiting rates (5-10%) compared to Groups I and II (p < 0.05).
- Higher incidence of bradycardia was observed in Groups III and IV, but did not require medical intervention.
Conclusions:
- Propofol, when used as the single agent for anesthesia induction and maintenance, significantly reduces postoperative emesis in pediatric strabismus surgery.
- Anesthetic regimens involving propofol, particularly continuous infusion, offer superior antiemetic benefits.
- Propofol demonstrates a favorable profile for managing PONV in pediatric patients undergoing strabismus procedures.
Objectives:
To determine the possible antiemetic effect of propofol as the single agent for intravenous anesthesia in children undergoing strabismus surgery, in comparison with other techniques.
Patients And Method:
Eighty ASA I and II patients between 3 and 10 years, divided into 4 groups of 20, were studied prospectively. Groups I, II and III were premedicated with dehydrobenzylperidol (90 micrograms/kg) i.m. Group I then received sleep doses of thiopental and N2O. Group II received propofol, sleep doses, and N2O. Groups III and IV received sleep doses of propofol followed by intravenous perfusion (10 mg/kg/h).
Results:
Half the patients in group I experienced postoperative vomiting, more than in groups II, III and IV (p < 0.05). The incidence of vomiting in group II was 30%. Groups III and IV experienced less vomiting (5-10%) than did groups I and II (p < 0.05). The incidence of bradycardia during surgery was higher in groups III and IV (p < 0.05); medical treatment was not required.
Conclusions:
Propofol used as the single agent for induction and maintenance of anesthesia offers clear advantages in reducing emesis after strabismus surgery.