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Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in children: an overview
A N Boudewyns1, P H Van de Heyning
1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Antwerp, UIA, Belgium.
Acta Oto-Rhino-Laryngologica Belgica
|January 1, 1995
Summary
Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is common due to enlarged tonsils and adenoids. This review covers its diagnosis, treatment, and links to SIDS and adult OSAS.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Sleep Medicine
- Otolaryngology
Background:
- Adenotonsillar hypertrophy is a widespread and common cause of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in children.
- All children are susceptible to developing OSAS.
Purpose of the Study:
- To discuss the clinical picture, etiology, and diagnostic approach of pediatric OSAS.
- To highlight indications for polysomnography and differentiate pediatric from adult OSAS.
- To review treatment modalities and potential links between sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), pediatric OSAS, and adult OSAS.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and synthesis of current knowledge on pediatric OSAS.
- Discussion of clinical presentations and etiological factors.
- Overview of diagnostic tools, including polysomnography indications.
Main Results:
- OSAS in children is primarily caused by adenotonsillar hypertrophy.
- Specific diagnostic criteria and treatment approaches exist for pediatric OSAS.
- Potential associations between SIDS, pediatric OSAS, and adult OSAS warrant further investigation.
Conclusions:
- Pediatric OSAS is a significant condition requiring timely diagnosis and management.
- Understanding the differences between pediatric and adult OSAS is crucial for effective treatment.
- Further research is needed to elucidate the long-term implications and connections with SIDS.