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A family study of anticardiolipin antibodies and associated clinical conditions

S N Goldberg1, A M Conti-Kelly, T P Greco

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.

The American Journal of Medicine
|November 1, 1995
PubMed

Insights

Anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) and related autoimmune diseases like lupus are more common in relatives of patients with aCL. These findings suggest a familial link for antiphospholipid antibody-associated illnesses.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Genetics
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) are associated with autoimmune conditions.
  • Understanding the familial aggregation of aCL and related diseases is crucial for risk assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of aCL and antinuclear antibodies (ANA) in relatives of aCL-positive patients.
  • To identify clinical sequelae associated with aCL in family members.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective evaluation of 23 aCL-positive patients, 87 relatives, 18 spouses, and 37 controls.
  • Serologic testing for aCL (IgG and IgM) and ANA.
  • Clinical history assessment for autoimmune disease manifestations.

Main Results:

  • 57% of relatives showed autoantibody production (aCL and/or ANA), with 33% positive for aCL.
  • Relatives had significantly higher aCL-IgG and aCL-IgM titers compared to spouses and controls.
  • Clinical diagnoses in relatives included systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), SLE-like diseases, strokes, recurrent fetal losses, thrombosis, and thrombocytopenia, all linked to aCL/ANA.

Conclusions:

  • ANA, aCL, and associated clinical events are more frequent in relatives of aCL-positive individuals.
  • The study suggests a potential familial predisposition to antiphospholipid antibody-related disorders.
Abstract

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