Vitamin E prevents UVB-induced cell blebbing and cell death in A431 epidermoid cells

Cultured A431 epidermoid cells exposed to UVB (120-2400 J/m2) develop numerous blebs on their surface, detach from the plastic dish, and undergo injury and death. Numerous detached cells display fragmented nuclei, typical of apoptotic cells. Since bleb formation also occurs after oxidative stress it was assumed that the morphological variations observed are the consequence of free radical-mediated insult. In order to test this hypothesis, the antioxidant alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) was added to cell cultures at different times, before or after irradiation. The results indicate that vitamin E inhibits UVB-induced surface blebbing as well as cell detachment from the substrate. Moreover, vitamin E is most effective in stimulating cell recovery when it is added after the end of UVB irradiation. Finally, vitamin E treatment also seems to reduce the fraction of cells undergoing death (probably those which will undergo apoptosis) after exposure to UVB radiation.