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Risk factors for chronic venous insufficiency: a dual case-control study
T E Scott1, W W LaMorte, D R Gorin
1Department of Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine, MA, USA.
Journal of Vascular Surgery
|November 1, 1995
Summary
Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) risk factors like male sex and obesity are linked to age. Previous deep vein thrombosis and leg injuries significantly increase CVI risk, independent of age.
Area of Science:
- Vascular Medicine
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Cross-sectional studies on chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) identify potential risk factors but may be confounded by population age.
- The influence of age on identified CVI risk factors requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the independent risk factors for chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) using a dual case-control study.
- To differentiate age-related associations from true risk factors for CVI.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study involving 93 patients with venous ulcers, 129 with varicose veins (VV), and 113 controls.
- Standardized questionnaires collected data on medical history, demographics, medications, and lifestyle.
- Univariate and multivariate analyses were employed to compare groups and adjust for age.
Main Results:
- Multivariate analysis revealed age-adjusted CVI risk factors including male sex and obesity.
- A history of serious leg injury increased CVI risk 2.4-fold; phlebitis increased risk 25.7-fold.
- Varicose vein patients were younger, more often female, with higher rates of phlebitis and family history of VV.
Conclusions:
- Many previously suggested CVI associations are attributable to the older age of affected individuals.
- Independent risk factors for CVI include older age, male sex, obesity, phlebitis history, and serious leg injury.
- Prior deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is suggested as a potential predisposing factor for CVI.