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Related Concept Videos

Mouse Models of Cancer Study02:43

Mouse Models of Cancer Study

Mice have long served as models for studying human biology and pathology because of their phylogenetic and physiological similarity with humans. They are also easy to maintain and breed in the laboratory, and hence, many inbred strains are now available for research. Studies on mice have contributed immeasurably to our understanding of cancer biology.
The development of transgenic, knockout, and knock-in mice has led to an exponential increase in their use as model organisms in research,...
Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
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Mouse Models of Cancer Study02:43

Mouse Models of Cancer Study

Mice have long served as models for studying human biology and pathology because of their phylogenetic and physiological similarity with humans. They are also easy to maintain and breed in the laboratory, and hence, many inbred strains are now available for research. Studies on mice have contributed immeasurably to our understanding of cancer biology.
The development of transgenic, knockout, and knock-in mice has led to an exponential increase in their use as model organisms in research,...
Cancer Prevention02:59

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Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
Actuarial Approach01:20

Actuarial Approach

The actuarial approach, a statistical method originally developed for life insurance risk assessment, is widely used to calculate survival rates in clinical and population studies. This method accounts for participants lost to follow-up or those who die from causes unrelated to the study, ensuring a more accurate representation of survival probabilities.
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Cancer survival analysis focuses on quantifying and interpreting the time from a key starting point, such as diagnosis or the initiation of treatment, to a specific endpoint, such as remission or death. This analysis provides critical insights into treatment effectiveness and factors that influence patient outcomes, helping to shape clinical decisions and guide prognostic evaluations. A cornerstone of oncology research, survival analysis tackles the challenges of skewed, non-normally...

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Establishing a Competing Risk Regression Nomogram Model for Survival Data
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Published on: October 23, 2020

Cancer mortality in Europe, 1990-92

F Levi1, C La Vecchia, F Lucchini

  • 1Institut Universitaire de Médecine Sociale et Préventive, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland.

European Journal of Cancer Prevention : the Official Journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation (ECP)
|October 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cancer mortality rates varied significantly across 35 European countries between 1990-92. Lung cancer mortality was highest in Hungary for males and Scotland for females, while breast cancer rates were highest in the UK and Scandinavia.

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Cancer mortality rates exhibit significant geographical variations across Europe.
  • Understanding these variations is crucial for targeted public health interventions and resource allocation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze and present age-standardized cancer death certification rates for 23 cancer types across 35 European countries.
  • To identify geographical disparities in cancer mortality and highlight specific high-risk populations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized World Health Organization database for death certification rates from 1990-1992.
  • Calculated age-standardized mortality rates (world population) for 23 cancer sites or groups.
  • Data analyzed for 35 European countries, including newly formed entities.

Main Results:

  • Substantial variations observed in mortality for common cancer sites.
  • Lung cancer: Highest male rates in Hungary (81/100,000), lowest in Sweden/Norway (24-30/100,000). Scotland had the highest female rates (29/100,000).
  • Colorectal cancer: Highest in Czech Republic, lowest in Greece/Finland/Sweden. Gastric cancer: Highest in Russian Federation. Breast cancer: Highest in UK/Scandinavia.

Conclusions:

  • Significant geographical disparities in cancer mortality exist within Europe.
  • Lung cancer trends suggest the impact of antismoking campaigns in some Nordic countries.
  • Further research into regional risk factors and targeted prevention strategies is warranted.