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Assessing the duration of mandibular soft tissue anesthesia
E V Hersh1, D G Hermann, C J Lamp
1University of Pennsylvania, School of Dental Medicine, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sugery and Pharmacology, Philadelphia 19104-6003, USA.
Journal of the American Dental Association (1939)
|November 1, 1995
Summary
For pediatric dental procedures, dentists often use mepivacaine or prilocaine to shorten anesthesia duration. However, studies show these do not reduce soft tissue anesthesia time compared to lidocaine with epinephrine (lido-epi).
Area of Science:
- Dentistry
- Anesthesiology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Mandibular soft tissue anesthesia duration is a concern in pediatric dentistry.
- Mepivacaine and prilocaine are used without vasoconstrictors to limit anesthesia duration.
- Lidocaine with epinephrine (lido-epi) is a common local anesthetic choice.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the duration of soft tissue anesthesia produced by 3% mepivacaine or 4% prilocaine without a vasoconstrictor versus 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine.
- To evaluate the efficacy of anesthetic solutions in reducing soft tissue anesthesia duration in pediatric patients.
Main Methods:
- A study involving 60 adult participants.
- Comparison of the time course of soft tissue anesthesia from 3% mepivacaine, 4% prilocaine, and 2% lidocaine with epinephrine.
- Clinical observation and measurement of anesthesia duration.
Main Results:
- No significant reduction in the duration of soft tissue anesthesia was observed with 3% mepivacaine or 4% prilocaine compared to 2% lidocaine with epinephrine.
- The anesthetic duration profiles were similar across the tested solutions.
Conclusions:
- The use of 3% mepivacaine or 4% prilocaine without a vasoconstrictor does not shorten the duration of mandibular soft tissue anesthesia compared to 2% lidocaine with epinephrine.
- Based on these findings and dosage considerations, 2% lidocaine with epinephrine is recommended for mandibular block injections in young children.