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Sweet's syndrome associated with G-CSF

S Paydaş1, B Sahin, E Seyrek

  • 1Department of Oncology, Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Balcali, Adana, Turkey.

British Journal of Haematology
|September 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Sweet's syndrome (SS) can occur in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients receiving granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). Discontinuation of G-CSF led to the resolution of SS symptoms in these patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Dermatology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients undergoing chemotherapy often experience febrile neutropenia.
  • Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is frequently used to manage febrile neutropenia in AML patients.
  • Sweet's syndrome (SS) is an inflammatory condition characterized by fever, neutrophilic dermatosis, and tender skin lesions.

Observation:

  • Two AML patients developed SS during G-CSF treatment for febrile neutropenia.
  • Clinical presentation included fever, painful skin lesions, and conjunctival involvement.
  • Skin biopsies revealed neutrophilic infiltration, but peripheral neutrophilia was absent.

Findings:

  • Sweet's syndrome emerged as a potential complication associated with G-CSF therapy in AML.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Cessation of G-CSF resulted in the regression of skin lesions within 1-2 weeks and conjunctival lesions within 4 weeks.
  • The findings suggest a causal link between G-CSF administration and SS development in this patient cohort.

    • Implications:

    • Clinicians should consider SS in AML patients presenting with tender skin and/or conjunctival lesions during G-CSF therapy.
    • Early recognition and G-CSF withdrawal may prevent disease progression and improve patient outcomes.
    • This association highlights the importance of monitoring for dermatological side effects in patients receiving G-CSF for hematological malignancies.