All-night sleep EEG and artificial stochastic control signals have similar correlation dimensions

EEG signals have been considered to be generated either by stochastic processes or by non-linear deterministic systems exhibiting chaotic behavior. To address this problem, the correlation dimension of the EEG was computed and compared to the correlation dimension of an artificial signal with identical power spectrum. By using a new type of personal super computer we were able for the first time to calculate the correlation dimension for the sleep episode of an entire night as well as for the corresponding artificial signal. The correlation dimension was high in episodes of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, declined progressively within each non-REM sleep episode, and reached a low level at times when EEG slow waves (0.75-4.5 Hz) were dominant. The correlation dimension of the artificial signal and the EEG changed largely in parallel, although on average the values of the artificial signal were 7.3% higher. These results do not support the hypothesis that the sleep EEG is generated by a chaotic attractor.