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Sudden deafness: a retrospective evaluation of dextran therapy
E Hultcrantz1, M Stenquist, L Lyttkens
1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
Summary
Idiopathic sudden hearing loss treatment improved outcomes in 87% of patients. Prognosis was better for mid-frequency loss and waking with symptoms, but worse with retrocochlear signs or nystagmus.
Area of Science:
- Otolaryngology
- Neurology
Background:
- Idiopathic sudden hearing loss (ISHL) is a common otologic emergency.
- Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial for hearing recovery.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the treatment outcomes for patients diagnosed with ISHL.
- To identify prognostic factors influencing hearing recovery in ISHL patients.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 112 patients diagnosed with ISHL over 10 years.
- 101 patients met inclusion criteria after excluding other diagnoses.
- 80 patients received a standardized 5-day treatment protocol including low molecular weight dextran, nicotinic acid, and vitamin B for 1 month.
Main Results:
- 68% of treated patients experienced complete or marked improvement (>30 dB).
- An additional 19% showed fair improvement (10-30 dB).
- Retrocochlear signs, nystagmus, and daytime onset were associated with poorer prognosis, while mid-frequency loss and waking with symptoms indicated a better prognosis.
Conclusions:
- The standardized treatment protocol demonstrated significant efficacy in improving hearing outcomes for ISHL.
- Specific clinical findings (e.g., nystagmus, frequency loss) are important prognostic indicators.
- The study's findings have influenced clinical treatment policies for ISHL.