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Sorting single molecules: application to diagnostics and evolutionary biotechnology

M Eigen1, R Rigler

  • 1Max-Planck-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie, Göttingen, Federal Republic of Germany.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|June 21, 1994
PubMed
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This study introduces a novel method for detecting single molecules in solution using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy and electric field trapping. It enables highly sensitive molecular diagnostics and molecular evolution studies without amplification.

Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Accurate detection and identification of single molecules in solution are crucial for various scientific disciplines.
  • Existing methods often require sample amplification, limiting their applicability and sensitivity.
  • Monitoring molecular interactions and evolution necessitates advanced analytical techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and present a novel method for single-molecule detection and identification in solution.
  • To apply this method to studies in molecular evolution and diagnostics.
  • To achieve ultra-low concentration detection without amplification.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) to analyze spatio-temporal correlations of light signals.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Integrating electric field-based devices for precise single-molecule trapping.
  • Employing fluorescent ligands for target molecule labeling.

    • Main Results:

    • Demonstrated successful detection and identification of single molecules in solution.
    • Achieved molecular concentration monitoring down to femtomolar (10^-15 M) levels.
    • Enabled rapid screening of large mutant spectra in molecular evolution studies.

    Conclusions:

    • The described method offers a significant advancement in single-molecule analysis.
    • It provides a powerful tool for molecular diagnostics with unprecedented sensitivity.
    • The technique opens new avenues for studying molecular evolution and interactions.