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Neuroendocrine abnormalities in human obesity

P Björntorp1

  • 1Department of Heart and Lung Diseases, University of Göteborg, Sweden.

Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental
|February 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Visceral obesity links to endocrine issues and a "hypothalamic arousal" syndrome, potentially driven by stress. Lower serotonin and corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) in cerebrospinal fluid may influence food choices, suggesting new obesity treatments.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Neuroendocrinology
  • Obesity Research

Background:

  • Visceral obesity is linked to endocrine disturbances and insulin resistance.
  • A central neuroendocrine origin, possibly a "hypothalamic arousal" syndrome, is suggested.
  • This syndrome may be triggered by factors like alcohol, smoking, and stress, potentially linked to socioeconomic status.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the neuroendocrine basis of visceral obesity.
  • To investigate the role of central nervous system factors, specifically serotonin and CRF, in visceral obesity.
  • To identify potential therapeutic targets for obesity treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent research on visceral obesity and endocrine/neuroendocrine factors.
  • Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of neurotransmitters and neuropeptides.
  • Correlation of neurochemical findings with dietary preferences in women with visceral obesity.

Main Results:

  • Visceral obesity is associated with endocrine abnormalities and a potential "hypothalamic arousal" syndrome.
  • Lower concentrations of serotonin metabolites and corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) are observed in CSF.
  • In women, low serotonin and CRF correlate with carbohydrate food preferences.

Conclusions:

  • The findings support a neuroendocrine link between stress, central neurotransmitter levels, and visceral obesity.
  • Serotonin agonists may offer a novel therapeutic approach for obesity, potentially independent of caloric intake reduction.
  • Further research is warranted to explore the therapeutic potential of targeting serotonin and CRF pathways.

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