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Brain and other nervous system tumours

C S Muir1, H H Storm, A Polednak

  • 1Cancer Registration in Scotland, Information and Statistics Division, Edinburgh.

Cancer Surveys
|January 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Brain and nervous system tumor incidence has slowly increased 1-2% annually over 30 years, particularly in older adults. Diagnostic improvements likely contribute to this trend, especially for earlier birth cohorts.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuro-oncology
  • Epidemiology
  • Cancer Registry Science

Background:

  • Interpreting time trends in brain and nervous system tumor incidence is challenging due to registration variations, statistical instability, and diagnostic classification changes.
  • Historical data limitations complicate definitive conclusions on secular trends for these neoplasms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess secular trends in the incidence of brain and other and unspecified nervous system neoplasms.
  • To identify factors influencing observed incidence rate changes over time.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of historical incidence data for brain and nervous system tumors.
  • Consideration of changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) and diagnostic practices.
  • Examination of birth cohort data to evaluate diagnostic influence.

Main Results:

  • A slow overall increase in incidence rates of brain and nervous system neoplasms, approximately 1-2% per year over the past 30 years.
  • Observed increases in incidence rates appear more pronounced in older populations.
  • Improvements in diagnostic methods and increased access to care are potential contributors to the observed trends.

Conclusions:

  • While challenges exist in data interpretation, a gradual increase in brain and nervous system tumor incidence is suggested.
  • The influence of improved diagnostic accuracy is a significant factor, particularly for older birth cohorts.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the causes of observed incidence trends.

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