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Autoimmunity against thyroid hormones

S Sakata1

  • 1Third Department of Internal Medicine, Gifu University School of Medicine, Japan.

Critical Reviews in Immunology
|January 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Thyroid hormone autoantibodies (THAA) are common and can affect thyroid hormone metabolism. Awareness is crucial as THAA can interfere with lab tests, potentially leading to misdiagnosis and incorrect treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Immunology
  • Clinical Chemistry

Background:

  • Thyroid hormone autoantibodies (THAA) are frequently observed in clinical practice.
  • Over 270 cases have been documented, associated with both thyroidal and non-thyroidal conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical features of THAA.
  • To discuss the mechanisms underlying autoantibody production.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of reported cases and existing studies on THAA.
  • Analysis of clinical implications and interference with diagnostic assays.

Main Results:

  • THAA can alter thyroid hormone metabolism.
  • In vitro interference with radioimmunoassay (RIA) measurements of thyroid hormones is a significant issue.

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  • This interference can lead to inaccurate high or low hormone values, depending on the assay method.

    • Conclusions:

    • THAA can present diagnostic challenges due to interference with laboratory tests.
    • Physician awareness of THAA is essential to prevent misdiagnosis and inappropriate patient treatment.
    • THAA have been identified in various species, including humans, dogs, chickens, and rats.