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Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...

Role of Hematopoietic Growth Factors

Role of Hematopoietic Growth Factors

Hematopoietic growth factors are molecules that regulate the differentiation rate of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Erythropoietin (EPO), primarily produced by the kidneys, plays a crucial role in erythrocyte production. When oxygen levels in the blood are low, EPO is released into the bloodstream, reaching the bone marrow, where it stimulates HSCs to differentiate and mature into erythrocytes, which are vital for oxygen transport.
Thrombopoietin (TPO), mainly released by the liver,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Direct Induction of Hemogenic Endothelium and Blood by Overexpression of Transcription Factors in Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

Direct Induction of Hemogenic Endothelium and Blood by Overexpression of Transcription Factors in Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

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Stem cell factor production by human marrow stromal fibroblasts

M L Linenberger¹, F W Jacobson, L G Bennett

¹Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle 98195, USA.

Experimental Hematology

|September 1, 1995

Summary

Marrow stromal fibroblasts produce stem cell factor (SCF). Hydrocortisone sustains SCF production, unlike transient increases from tumor necrosis factor alpha, suggesting a role in congenital anemia treatment.

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Hemogenic Reprogramming of Human Fibroblasts by Enforced Expression of Transcription Factors

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Last Updated: Jul 19, 2026

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Published on: December 3, 2015

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Hemogenic Reprogramming of Human Fibroblasts by Enforced Expression of Transcription Factors

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Published on: November 4, 2019

Area of Science:

Hematology
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology

Background:

Stem cell factor (SCF) is crucial for hematopoiesis, acting as the ligand for the c-kit receptor.
Understanding SCF production and its regulation by cytokines and glucocorticoids is vital for comprehending the bone marrow microenvironment.

Observation:

Normal marrow stromal fibroblasts constitutively produce SCF mRNA and protein.
Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) only modestly increases SCF production.
Hydrocortisone and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) significantly increase SCF mRNA levels, with distinct kinetic profiles.

Findings:

Hydrocortisone induces a sustained increase in SCF mRNA and soluble SCF production.
TNF-alpha causes a transient increase in SCF mRNA and a modest, short-lived increase in soluble SCF.
Fibroblasts from a Diamond-Blackfan anemia patient in remission showed elevated SCF mRNA and protein levels.

Implications:

SCF is constitutively produced by human marrow fibroblasts.
Glucocorticoid therapy may enhance SCF production, potentially contributing to clinical improvement in congenital anemias.
Differential regulation of SCF by hydrocortisone and TNF-alpha highlights specific pathways involved in marrow microenvironment modulation.