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Tuberculosis infection in U.S. Air Force dentists

D Mikitka1, S E Mills, S E Dazey

  • 1USAF Dental Investigation Service, Armstrong Laboratory/AOCD, Brooks AFB, Texas, USA.

American Journal of Dentistry
|February 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

U.S. Air Force dentists did not show a significantly higher prevalence of tuberculosis infection compared to Air Force lawyers. This study investigated occupational risks for Mycobacterium tuberculosis exposure in dental professionals.

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Infectious Disease Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) poses a risk in healthcare settings.
  • Understanding occupational exposure risks for dentists is crucial for public health.
  • Previous studies have not definitively established higher tuberculosis infection rates among dentists.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the prevalence of M. tuberculosis infection in U.S. Air Force dentists versus a control group of U.S. Air Force lawyers.
  • To assess if the dental profession is associated with an increased risk of tuberculosis exposure in a military population.

Main Methods:

  • Anonymous surveys were distributed to active duty Air Force dentists and lawyers.
  • Participants reported on positive tuberculin skin tests treated with antituberculosis medication during their service.

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  • Significant exposure was defined as physician evaluation and prescribed medication for tuberculosis.

    • Main Results:

    • Response rates were 82.7% for dentists (n=1256) and 79.6% for lawyers (n=1321).
    • Significant tuberculosis exposure was reported by 2.37% of dentists and 1.47% of lawyers.
    • Chi-square analysis revealed no statistically significant difference in infection prevalence between the two groups (P = 0.14).

    Conclusions:

    • The study found no significant difference in tuberculosis infection rates between U.S. Air Force dentists and lawyers.
    • Occupational exposure to M. tuberculosis does not appear to be significantly higher in Air Force dentists compared to lawyers.
    • Further research may explore other potential risk factors or specific dental practice environments.