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The multiple functions of hemoglobin

B Giardina1, I Messana, R Scatena

  • 1Istituto di Chimica e Chimica Clinica, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università Cattolica, Roma, Italy.

Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
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Hemoglobin is more than an oxygen carrier; it acts as a heat transducer, influences red blood cell metabolism and aging, confers malaria resistance, and has enzymatic activities.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Physiology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Hemoglobin's primary role is oxygen transport.
  • Emerging evidence suggests diverse, non-canonical functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and discuss the multifaceted biological roles of hemoglobin beyond oxygen transport.
  • To explore hemoglobin's involvement in heat transduction, erythrocyte metabolism, senescence, malaria resistance, drug interactions, and catabolite generation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research.
  • Analysis of studies investigating hemoglobin's non-canonical functions.

Main Results:

  • Hemoglobin functions as a molecular heat transducer via its oxygenation-deoxygenation cycle.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Hemoglobin modulates erythrocyte metabolism and its oxidation initiates erythrocyte senescence.
  • Hemoglobin plays a role in genetic resistance to malaria.
  • Hemoglobin exhibits enzymatic activities, interacts with drugs, and serves as a source of physiologically active catabolites.

    • Conclusions:

    • Hemoglobin possesses a wide array of biological functions critical to cellular and organismal physiology.
    • Understanding these diverse roles provides new insights into red blood cell biology, disease resistance, and therapeutic interactions.