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Diabetes in pregnancy

B Bassaw1, I Ataullah, S Roopnarinesingh

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of the West Indies, Champs Fleurs, Trinidad.

International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: the Official Organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics
|July 1, 1995
PubMed
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Maintaining normal blood sugar levels during pregnancy is crucial for preventing serious complications. Poor glycemic control in pregnant diabetic patients significantly increases risks for both mother and baby.

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Endocrinology
  • Perinatal Medicine

Background:

  • Diabetes in pregnancy, including pre-existing diabetes, gestational diabetes, and impaired glucose tolerance, poses significant risks.
  • Effective management of blood glucose levels is essential for optimizing perinatal outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between glycemic control levels and the incidence of perinatal complications in pregnant women with diabetes.
  • To identify risk factors and evaluate treatment modalities for diabetes in pregnancy.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 260 cases of pre-existing diabetes, gestational diabetes, and impaired glucose tolerance.
  • Assessment of risk factors, treatment approaches (diet, insulin), and their impact on perinatal morbidity and mortality.

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Main Results:

  • Identified risk factors for diabetes in pregnancy: advanced maternal age (>25 years), East Indian ethnicity, glycosuria, and family history.
  • Demonstrated a significant increase in perinatal mortality and maternal morbidity when normoglycemia was not achieved.
  • Treatment primarily involved dietary modifications and/or soluble insulin.

Conclusions:

  • Early detection and prompt, effective treatment of diabetes in pregnancy are vital.
  • Achieving normoglycemia is paramount to reducing associated perinatal complications and improving maternal and infant outcomes.