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Clinical correlates of enuresis in ADHD and non-ADHD children

J Biederman1, S L Santangelo, S V Faraone

  • 1Pediatric Psychopharmacology Unit (ACC 725), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02114, USA.

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines
|July 1, 1995
PubMed

Insights

Enuresis (bedwetting) in children does not increase psychopathology risk. However, it is linked to learning disabilities in non-ADHD children, but not those with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Area of Science:

  • Child Psychology
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Background:

  • Enuresis and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are common childhood disorders.
  • While both are linked to neurodevelopmental immaturity, the clinical correlates of enuresis are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical correlates of enuresis in children with and without ADHD.
  • To determine if enuresis is associated with psychopathology, psychosocial adversity, or developmental immaturity.

Main Methods:

  • A study involving 140 boys diagnosed with ADHD and 120 non-ADHD controls, aged 6-17 years.
  • Standardized, blind assessment of enuresis, psychiatric diagnoses, psychosocial factors, and developmental status.

Main Results:

  • Enuresis did not elevate the risk for psychopathology in children, irrespective of ADHD status.
  • Enuresis was not linked to psychosocial adversity or developmental immaturity.
  • In non-ADHD children, enuresis correlated with increased risk for learning disability, impaired intellectual functioning, and poor school achievement, but not in ADHD children.

Conclusions:

  • The clinical implications of enuresis appear to differ between children with and without ADHD.
  • Enuresis may impact academic and cognitive outcomes in typically developing children, a link not observed in those with ADHD.

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