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Related Experiment Videos

Olfactory transduction mechanisms in sheep

E Fabbri1, M E Ferretti, M Buzzi

  • 1Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Ferrara, Italia.

Neurochemical Research
|June 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Sheep olfactory adenylyl cyclase is activated by odorants, with distinct pathways for different smell types. This research reveals dual signaling systems in olfaction, involving cyclic AMP and inositol trisphosphate.

Area of Science:

  • Olfactory biochemistry
  • Signal transduction pathways
  • Molecular biology

Background:

  • Adenylyl cyclase in sheep olfactory epithelium is regulated by GTP and sensitive to analogues, fluoride, and forskolin.
  • Odorant stimulation of adenylyl cyclase requires GTP and varies in potency.
  • Putrid odorants are generally less effective, with furfuryl mercaptan being an exception for cAMP biosynthesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the regulation and odorant-induced stimulation of adenylyl cyclase in sheep olfactory epithelium.
  • To explore the potential involvement of multiple olfactory receptor types.
  • To evaluate the presence and role of the inositol phospholipid second messenger system in olfaction.

Main Methods:

  • Enzyme assays measuring adenylyl cyclase activity.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Dose-response studies with various odorants and nucleotide analogues.
  • Measurement of cyclic AMP (cAMP) and inositol phosphate accumulation.

    • Main Results:

    • Odorants stimulate adenylyl cyclase in a dose-dependent manner, with varying potencies, requiring GTP.
    • Additive or supra-additive effects observed with odorant mixtures suggest diverse receptor populations.
    • Triethylamine, ineffective on cAMP, stimulates inositol phosphate, indicating a separate signaling pathway.

    Conclusions:

    • Sheep olfactory epithelium utilizes at least two distinct signal transduction pathways: cAMP-mediated and inositol phosphate-mediated.
    • The findings support the existence of multiple olfactory receptors and parallel signaling cascades for odor perception.