[Pyeloureteral anastomosis in kidney transplantation]

Urological complications of kidney transplantation remain a serious postoperative problem. They occur in 2-10% of cases. The authors present the data on 102 cadaveric and 74 syngenesioplastic transplantations of the kidney. 70 patients underwent surgery according to the alternative technique with ipsilateral nephrectomy and establishment of pyeloureteroanastomosis. Urological complications, lethal outcomes, destruction of the transplant occurred in 9.77, 11.11, 55.6% of the patients, respectively. Application of pyeloureteroanastomosis entailed complications in 4.28%, of ureteroneocystostoma in 13%, pyelopyeloanastomosis in 2 cases of 4. In urological complications pyeloureteroanastomosis often is the only feasible reconstructive operation saving the transplant. Its advantages make it treatment of choice in primary reconstruction of the urinary tracts in kidney transplant recipients with relatively low risk of urological complications.