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Related Experiment Videos

Cefixime penetration in human renal parenchyma

A Leroy1, B Oser, P Grise

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, University of Rouen, Hôpital Charles Nicolle, France.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
|June 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Cefixime, an oral cephalosporin, shows good diffusion into kidney tissue. Intrarenal concentrations remained above the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) between doses, suggesting effective antibacterial activity in the renal parenchyma.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Nephrology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Cefixime is an orally active, expanded-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic.
  • Understanding drug diffusion into target tissues is crucial for optimizing therapeutic efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the diffusion and intrarenal concentrations of cefixime in patients undergoing nephrectomy.
  • To determine cefixime levels in renal parenchyma and serum at different time points post-administration.

Main Methods:

  • 12 patients received 200-mg oral cefixime every 12 hours for 2 days before nephrectomy.
  • Serum and renal tissue (cortex and medulla) samples were collected at 4 and 12 hours after the last dose.
  • Cefixime concentrations were measured using microbiological and high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) assays.

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Main Results:

  • Mean peak serum levels were 3.41 µg/ml at 4 hours and residual levels were 1.54 µg/ml at 12 hours.
  • Intrarenal cefixime concentrations ranged from 4.6 to 6.4 µg/g, with no significant difference between cortex and medulla.
  • Tissue to serum concentration ratios were higher at 4 hours (3.5–3.6) than at 12 hours (1.7–1.9).

Conclusions:

  • Cefixime effectively diffuses into the renal parenchyma.
  • Intrarenal cefixime concentrations remained above the MIC for susceptible gram-negative bacteria between doses.
  • The drug's slower elimination from tissue compared to serum suggests sustained local antibacterial activity.