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Juvenile xanthogranuloma of the pelvic origin: a case report
K Yamanaka1, S Suita, S Kakumori
1Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kyushu University, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan.
Insights
A rare case of juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) in the pelvic cavity is presented. This finding is significant as it is the first reported instance of pelvic JXG in medical literature.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Oncology
- Dermatopathology
- Surgical Pathology
Background:
- Juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) is a rare, benign skin condition typically affecting infants and young children.
- While commonly presenting on the skin, JXG can rarely occur in extracutaneous sites, posing diagnostic challenges.
Observation:
- A 4-month-old female infant presented with a left abdominal mass, initially suspected to be a malignant muscular tumor.
- Radiological imaging indicated a possible soft tissue malignancy.
- Surgical exploration revealed a tumor within the left psoas muscle.
Findings:
- Histopathological examination of the excised tumor confirmed the diagnosis of juvenile xanthogranuloma.
- Microscopic features included polygonal cells with vacuolated cytoplasm and characteristic Touton giant cells.
- This represents the first documented case of JXG originating within the pelvic cavity.
Implications:
- This case expands the known anatomical distribution of juvenile xanthogranuloma.
- Highlights the importance of considering JXG in the differential diagnosis of pediatric pelvic masses, even when presenting deep within muscle tissue.
- Underscores the need for thorough histopathological evaluation for accurate diagnosis and appropriate management of pediatric abdominal masses.
Abstract:
A case of juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) originating from the pelvic cavity is reported. The patient, a 4-month-old girl, was referred to our department for the examination and treatment of her left abdominal mass. As radiological studies strongly suggested the possibility of a malignant tumor of muscular origin, tumor extirpation was performed. The tumor was buried in the left psoas muscle. Histological examination showed the tumor consisted of polygonal cells containing small vacuoles with scattered Touton giant cells, and the diagnosis of JXG was made. To our knowledge, this is the first case of a pelvic JXG.