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Maximum sustained fin-kick thrust in underwater swimming

H Yamaguchi1, F Shidara, N Naraki

  • 1Coastal Research Department, Japan Marine Science & Technology Center, Yokosuka, Japan.

Undersea & Hyperbaric Medicine : Journal of the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc
|September 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Divers can sustain a fin-kick thrust force up to 64 N for 8 minutes. Beyond this limit, physiological responses like heart rate and oxygen uptake plateau, indicating the upper limit of continuous swimming performance.

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Sports Science
  • Diving Medicine

Background:

  • Understanding the biomechanical and physiological limits of underwater propulsion is crucial for diver safety and performance.
  • Fin-kick efficiency is a key factor in diver endurance and energy expenditure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the upper limit of sustainable fin-kick thrust force in divers.
  • To investigate the physiological responses associated with maximal sustainable fin-kick effort.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a stationary-swimming ergometer to simulate swimming conditions.
  • Measured physiological parameters including heart rate, respiratory minute volume, and oxygen uptake.
  • Assessed performance rate as a measure of the ability to counteract applied loads.

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Main Results:

  • An upper limit of approximately 64 N for sustainable fin-kick thrust force was identified.
  • Physiological responses (heart rate, respiratory minute volume, O2 uptake) increased proportionally with load up to 64 N.
  • These physiological parameters tended to plateau around 69 N of applied load.

Conclusions:

  • Divers can maintain a steady-state swimming thrust force of up to 64 N for 8 minutes.
  • Physiological strain increases significantly beyond the sustainable thrust force limit.
  • This finding provides valuable data for setting performance benchmarks and understanding diver fatigue.