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Lymphangiosarcoma following mastectomy

N J Stewart1, D J Pritchard, A G Nascimento

  • 1Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.

Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research
|November 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Stewart-Treves syndrome, a rare lymphangiosarcoma, can develop years after breast cancer mastectomy. Early recognition and surgical intervention are crucial for improving survival chances in these challenging cases.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Surgical Pathology

Background:

  • Stewart-Treves syndrome is a rare complication following mastectomy for breast cancer.
  • It involves the development of lymphangiosarcoma in the upper extremity.
  • This condition typically manifests years after the initial breast cancer treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review cases of lymphangiosarcoma of the upper extremity after mastectomy for breast cancer.
  • To analyze the clinical presentation, treatment, and outcomes of Stewart-Treves syndrome.
  • To identify factors associated with long-term survival.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 16 patients diagnosed with lymphangiosarcoma of the upper extremity between 1970 and 1992.
  • Analysis of patient data including time from breast cancer diagnosis, presenting signs, surgical treatment, recurrence, and metastasis.

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  • Evaluation of survival rates based on treatment modality.
  • Main Results:

    • Lymphangiosarcoma diagnosis occurred an average of 10.6 years post-mastectomy.
    • Common presenting signs included bruising and swelling.
    • High rates of local recurrence (11/16) and metastasis (11/16) were observed.
    • Forequarter amputation and wide excision with grafting were primary surgical treatments.
    • Two long-term survivors were identified, suggesting potential benefit from aggressive surgical management.

    Conclusions:

    • Stewart-Treves syndrome presents a significant challenge with high recurrence and metastasis rates.
    • Early detection and prompt surgical treatment, such as forequarter amputation or wide excision, appear critical for long-term survival.
    • Further research into preventative strategies and adjuvant therapies may be warranted.