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Interference by human antibodies with tumor marker assays
1Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Bonn, Germany.
Hybridoma
|April 1, 1995
Summary
Human antibodies can interfere with cancer tumor marker tests when patients receive murine monoclonal antibody treatments. Careful interpretation of tumor marker values is essential in patients undergoing such therapies.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
- Clinical Chemistry
Background:
- Murine monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are used in cancer therapy.
- Patients can develop human anti-murine antibody (HAMA) responses.
- HAMA can interfere with in vitro diagnostic assays, including tumor marker tests.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate interferences in tumor marker assays caused by HAMA in cancer patients treated with mAbs.
- To evaluate the impact of specific anti-CA-125 and anti-TAG-72 antibodies on their respective tumor marker measurements.
- To identify strategies for preventing or mitigating assay interferences.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of tumor marker values (CA-125, TAG-72) in ovarian cancer patients treated with OC125 and B72.3 mAbs.
- Investigated interference mechanisms, including anti-idiotypic and anti-anti-idiotypic antibodies.
- Evaluated the efficacy of adding nonspecific mouse IgG to eliminate interferences.
Main Results:
- Erroneous tumor marker values were observed in patients treated with OC125 and B72.3.
- Interferences were attributed to human anti-idiotypic or anti-anti-idiotypic antibodies.
- Nonspecific mouse IgG could not eliminate these specific interferences.
Conclusions:
- Specific interferences occur when the in vivo therapeutic antibody is also used in the in vitro assay.
- Using different reagent antibodies for in vitro assays than those administered in vivo is necessary.
- Tumor marker results in patients treated with mAbs require careful interpretation due to potential interferences.