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Related Concept Videos

Tissues01:18

Tissues

Cells with similar structure and function are grouped into tissues. A group of tissues with a specialized function is called an organ. There are four main types of tissue in vertebrates: epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous.
Structural Organization of the Human Body: An Overview01:18

Structural Organization of the Human Body: An Overview

It is convenient to consider the body's structures in terms of fundamental levels of organization that increase in complexity: subatomic particles, atoms, molecules, organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, and organisms.
To study the chemical level of organization, scientists consider the simplest building blocks of matter: subatomic particles, atoms, and molecules. All matter in the universe is composed of one or more unique pure substances called elements, familiar examples of...
Tissues01:25

Tissues

Tissues are a group of cells that share a common embryonic origin. Microscopic observation reveals that the cells in a tissue share morphological features and are arranged in an orderly pattern to perform specific functions. From an evolutionary perspective, tissues appear in more complex organisms. Although there are many types of cells in the human body, they are organized into four broad categories of tissues: epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous. Each of these categories is...
Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants01:22

Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants

Bone marrow transplant is a potential cure for several diseases, including cancer and specific genetic disorders. Notably, this procedure is applicable for patients suffering from aplastic anemia, certain types of leukemia, severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, thalassemia, sickle-cell disease, and certain cancers.
The transplant begins with high doses of chemotherapy and radiation treatment, which aim to destroy the...
Tissue Transplantation01:24

Tissue Transplantation

Tissue transplantation is a significant medical procedure involving the transfer of cells, tissues, or organs from a donor to a recipient, with the primary aim of restoring lost functions. This procedure is crucial in treating a broad spectrum of diseases, including kidney diseases, liver failure, heart disease, and certain types of cancers.
The Biology of Tissue Transplantation
The biology of tissue transplantation hinges on the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules. These molecules...
Kidney Transplant I: Introduction01:28

Kidney Transplant I: Introduction

A kidney transplant is a surgical approach that involves replacing a non-functioning kidney with a healthy one from a donor. This procedure is often a treatment option for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The method requires careful recipient selection, including evaluating various medical and psychosocial factors. These criteria vary between transplant centers but generally include assessments of the patient's overall health, adherence to medical recommendations, and lifestyle...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Functional Human Liver Preservation and Recovery by Means of Subnormothermic Machine Perfusion
08:54

Functional Human Liver Preservation and Recovery by Means of Subnormothermic Machine Perfusion

Published on: April 27, 2015

Organ preservation

J H Southard1, F O Belzer

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53792, USA.

Annual Review of Medicine
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The University of Wisconsin (UW) solution effectively preserves organs for transplantation using impermeant agents and antioxidants. However, improved methods are needed for better preservation of lungs and hearts.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Functional Human Liver Preservation and Recovery by Means of Subnormothermic Machine Perfusion
08:54

Functional Human Liver Preservation and Recovery by Means of Subnormothermic Machine Perfusion

Published on: April 27, 2015

Normothermic Ex Situ Heart Perfusion in Working Mode: Assessment of Cardiac Function and Metabolism
09:10

Normothermic Ex Situ Heart Perfusion in Working Mode: Assessment of Cardiac Function and Metabolism

Published on: January 12, 2019

Innovative Strategies for Organ Preservation in Heart Transplantation: Uniform Cooling Preservation and Ex-situ Normothermic Perfusion
08:15

Innovative Strategies for Organ Preservation in Heart Transplantation: Uniform Cooling Preservation and Ex-situ Normothermic Perfusion

Published on: November 28, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Transplantation immunology
  • Organ preservation science

Background:

  • Organ preservation is critical for transplantation success.
  • Current methods using the University of Wisconsin (UW) solution and hypothermia preserve liver, pancreas, and kidney for up to 48 hours.
  • The UW solution contains impermeant agents to prevent cell swelling and antioxidants to aid metabolic recovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the development and clinical application of the UW organ preservation solution.
  • To review the effectiveness of current organ preservation techniques.
  • To highlight the need for improved preservation methods for specific organs.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing the University of Wisconsin (UW) solution for flushing and hypothermic storage (0-5°C).
  • Employing impermeant agents (lactobionic acid, raffinose, hydroxyethyl starch) and antioxidants (glutathione, adenosine).
  • Reviewing clinical results and comparing with continuous perfusion techniques.

Main Results:

  • The UW solution is effective for preserving liver, pancreas, and kidney, but 5-15% of livers and 20-30% of kidneys show suboptimal function post-transplant.
  • Continuous perfusion of kidneys has shown reduced preservation/reperfusion damage compared to cold storage.
  • Intrathoracic organs (lungs, heart) are less effectively preserved with current methods.

Conclusions:

  • The UW solution represents a significant advancement in organ preservation for transplantation.
  • While effective for many organs, preservation-related injury remains a challenge, influenced by donor and recipient factors.
  • Further research into novel preservation strategies, particularly for lungs and hearts, is essential to expand transplantation availability.