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The declining incidence of stroke

W M Garraway, J P Whisnant, A J Furlan

    The New England Journal of Medicine
    |March 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Stroke incidence significantly decreased in Rochester, Minnesota, between 1945 and 1974. This trend was observed across all demographics, with the most significant reduction seen in the elderly population.

    Area of Science:

    • Epidemiology
    • Neurology
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • Stroke represents a significant public health concern with substantial morbidity and mortality.
    • Understanding temporal trends in stroke incidence is crucial for effective healthcare planning and resource allocation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze long-term trends in stroke incidence within a defined population.
    • To identify demographic variations in stroke incidence rates over a 30-year period.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective population-based study utilizing medical records from Rochester, Minnesota.
    • Calculation of age-adjusted stroke incidence rates for specific time intervals (1945-1949 vs. 1970-1974).
    • Cohort analysis of individuals born between 1865 and 1915 to assess incidence trends across birth years.

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    Main Results:

    • A substantial decline in stroke incidence was observed, with rates dropping from 100 (period 1945-49) to 55 (period 1970-74) per unit of population.
    • The decline was evident in both sexes and all age groups, with a more pronounced reduction noted in the elderly.
    • No significant change in the age at stroke onset was detected.
    • Cohort analysis confirmed a decreasing incidence rate across all age groups over successive birth cohorts.

    Conclusions:

    • Stroke incidence experienced a major decline in Rochester, Minnesota, between 1945 and 1974.
    • This reduction was widespread across demographic groups, particularly benefiting the elderly.
    • The findings suggest potential improvements in stroke prevention or management strategies during this era.