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The effect of menstruation on the pulmonary carbon monoxide diffusing capacity
R H Sansores1, R T Abboud, C Kennell
1University of British Columbia Respiratory Division, Vancouver General Hospital, BC, Canada.
Summary
Diffusion capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO) significantly varies during the menstrual cycle. Highest DLCO occurs before menses, lowest on day three, with a 9% difference, impacting clinical interpretation.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonary Physiology
- Reproductive Endocrinology
Background:
- The menstrual cycle influences various physiological parameters.
- Understanding hormonal impacts on lung function is crucial for accurate clinical assessment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the fluctuations of the diffusion capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO) throughout the menstrual cycle.
- To determine if these DLCO variations are clinically significant in women of reproductive age.
Main Methods:
- 14 healthy women (oral contraceptive users and non-users) had DLCO measured at specific points: pre-menses, daily during early menses, and post-menses.
- Hemoglobin and pulmonary capillary blood volume were also assessed to rule out confounding factors.
Main Results:
- DLCO was highest before menses and lowest on the third day of menstruation, showing a mean difference of 9.2%.
- These changes occurred without significant alterations in hemoglobin or pulmonary capillary blood volume.
- Similar patterns were observed in both oral contraceptive users and non-users.
Conclusions:
- DLCO exhibits significant, cyclical variation related to the menstrual cycle.
- These physiological DLCO changes must be considered when interpreting pulmonary function tests in women of reproductive age to avoid misdiagnosis.