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Temporal bone findings in Cogan's syndrome

T Ishii1, I Watanabe, J Suzuki

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, Tokyo Women's Medical College, Japan.

Acta Oto-Laryngologica. Supplementum
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Pathological examination of temporal bones revealed extensive endolymphatic hydrops and tissue changes in the right ear of a patient with Cogan's syndrome. The left ear showed no such significant pathological alterations.

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Area of Science:

  • Otorhinolaryngology
  • Pathology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Cogan's syndrome is a rare autoimmune disorder affecting the eyes and audiovestibular system.
  • Pathological studies of temporal bones in Cogan's syndrome are limited.
  • Understanding the histopathology is crucial for diagnosing and managing audiovestibular manifestations.

Observation:

  • The study examined temporal bones from a 92-year-old male diagnosed with Cogan's syndrome.
  • Detailed histopathological analysis was performed on both right and left temporal bones.
  • Clinical diagnosis of Cogan's syndrome was confirmed by pathological findings.

Findings:

  • Extensive endolymphatic hydrops was observed in the cochlea of the right ear.
  • The right saccule showed collapse after dilation, with outpouching of the utricle and crus commune.
  • Fibrotic tissue occupied the perilymphatic space of the right posterior semicircular canal; the left ear was unaffected.
  • Enchondral bone absorption was noted in both ears, but blood vessels showed no pathology.

Implications:

  • These findings highlight the asymmetrical audiovestibular pathology in Cogan's syndrome.
  • The observed endolymphatic hydrops and fibrosis correlate with potential mechanisms of hearing loss and vertigo.
  • This case contributes to the understanding of the temporal bone's role in Cogan's syndrome pathophysiology.

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