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Eosinophilic synovitis. A new entity?
1Fr Muller's Hospital, Mangalore, India.
Summary
A study of 12 young patients in India revealed eosinophilic synovitis, a knee joint inflammation characterized by significant fluid buildup and pain. Treatment with diethylcarbamazine effectively resolved symptoms in all cases.
Area of Science:
- Rheumatology
- Clinical Medicine
- Tropical Medicine
Background:
- Synovial fluid analysis is crucial for diagnosing joint conditions.
- Eosinophilic synovitis is a rare inflammatory joint condition.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the clinical, biochemical, cytological, and bacteriological findings of synovial fluid in patients with eosinophilic synovitis.
- To evaluate the efficacy of diethylcarbamazine in treating this condition.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of synovial fluid from 72 patients in South-West India.
- Detailed cytological examination of synovial fluid for cell counts and differential, focusing on eosinophil percentage.
- Clinical assessment of symptoms including pain, effusion, and range of motion.
Main Results:
- Identified 12 patients (all under 20) with eosinophilic synovitis presenting with acute knee pain and large effusions.
- Synovial fluid cytology revealed elevated white blood cell counts (mean 9525/mm3) with a high percentage of eosinophils (60-90%).
- Blood leucocyte counts averaged 11,200/mm3 with mild eosinophilia (6%).
Conclusions:
- Eosinophilic synovitis is a distinct clinical entity presenting in young individuals with acute knee effusions.
- Diethylcarbamazine demonstrated significant therapeutic efficacy in resolving eosinophilic synovitis.