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Related Experiment Videos

The dermatophytes

I Weitzman1, R C Summerbell

  • 1Clinical Microbiology Service, Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, New York 10032-3784, USA.

Clinical Microbiology Reviews
|April 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dermatophytes, the cause of ringworm, are fungi that infect keratinized tissues. Host immunity, particularly cell-mediated immunity, is crucial for clearing these infections, while certain fungal factors can impede immune responses.

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Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Immunology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Dermatophytoses, commonly known as ringworm, are superficial fungal infections caused by three anamorphic genera: Epidermophyton, Microsporum, and Trichophyton.
  • These fungi are classified by habitat (geophilic, zoophilic, anthropophilic) and possess the ability to invade keratinized tissues like skin, hair, and nails.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of dermatophytes, their classification, pathogenic mechanisms, and host-pathogen interactions.
  • To discuss the role of host immunity, fungal virulence factors, and transmission in dermatophytosis.
  • To review diagnostic methods, therapeutic trends, and the impact of genetic and molecular studies.

Main Methods:

  • Classification of dermatophytes based on morphology and habitat.

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  • Analysis of fungal virulence factors, including proteinases and mannan.
  • Review of host immune responses, focusing on cell-mediated immunity.
  • Discussion of diagnostic techniques, transmission, control, and therapeutic strategies.
  • Inclusion of insights from genetic and molecular biology studies.

    • Main Results:

    • Dermatophytes invade keratinized tissues, eliciting host immune responses that are critical for clinical cure.
    • Virulence factors produced by fungi, such as proteinases and mannan, can modulate host immunity.
    • Chronic or recurrent infections are often linked to defective cell-mediated immunity and specific fungal species like Trichophyton rubrum.

    Conclusions:

    • Effective management of dermatophytoses relies on understanding fungal biology, host immune status, and transmission dynamics.
    • Advances in genetic and molecular studies are enhancing the understanding of dermatophyte taxonomy, variation, and virulence.
    • Accurate diagnosis, appropriate therapy, and control measures are essential for managing these communicable fungal infections.